On the civil side, copyright holders may sue for monetary or statutory damages. Most issues are handled under federal law, although state laws sometimes play a part. Copyrighted content may not be streamed without the express authorization of the copyright holder.Ĭopyright infringement and piracy issues implicate both criminal and civil law. Streaming media is the transmission or transfer of data that is delivered to an online viewer in a steady stream in near real time. The illegal duplication and distribution of copyrighted files is known as piracy.Ĭopyright infringement issues also arise with regard to streaming media. Legal issues arise when peer-to-peer networks and other methods are used for the unauthorized transfer and copying of copyrighted materials, such as music, books, and movie files. In a peer-to-peer network, anyone on the network may access files stored on other network computers. Once the connection is made, a copy of an MP3 file may be downloaded to the requesting user's computer. The requesting user utilizes this information to connect to the host user's computer. ![]() However, other peer-to-peer networks use a server to communicate the host user's Internet address to a requesting user. Pure peer-to-peer computer networks use the computing power of its participants, rather than relying on servers. File-sharing is often accomplished through peer-to-peer networks. For example, the MP3 format can reduce the digital recording of a song by a ratio of up to 12 to 1.įile-sharing services allow web users to find and download files from hard drives of other computers. This audio compression was important because it significantly reduced the amount of data that needed to be sent over computer networks, but did not affect the perceived quality of the sound or image being transmitted. The practice of sharing files illegally exploded when a format for audio compression produced a type of file known as an MP3 file. A file is a block of information stored on a magnetic media, such as on a hard disk, a tape, or a flash drive examples of files are computer programs, documents, music, and movies. ![]() This new technology sometimes results in a collision between quickly evolving technology and decades-old copyright law.Ĭomputer technology makes it easy to share digital files between users. As technology has evolved from analog technology to digital technology, it has become easier to store and transmit types of intellectual property over the Internet from one computer user to another. ![]() Movies, computer software, and music are all forms of intellectual property -products of human intelligence. Sections within this essay: Background Federal Laws Digital Millennium Copyright Act No Electronic Theft Act Napster After Napster Grokster Campus Crackdowns Additional Resources Organizations Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) Recording Industry Association of America(RIAA) Background
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